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Original Articles

Original articles are reports of basic investigations. The manuscript for an original article should be organized in the following sequence:

       Abstract (minimum 150 words and maximum 200 words);

       Keywords (4-6 keywords)

1. Introduction
2. Literature review
3. Materials and Methods
4. Results and Discussion
5. Conclusion

      References (APA 7^th)

Review articles

Reviews are invited by the editor and should be comprehensive analyses of specific topics. The manuscript for an review article should be organized in the following sequence:

       Abstract (minimum 150 words and maximum 200 words);

       Keywords (4-6 keywords)

1. Introduction. The author sets out clear objectives for the review and articulates the specific research questions or hypotheses that will be investigated.
2. Study design. The author specifies relevant problems, populations, constructs, and settings of interest. The aim is to define explicit criteria that can be used to assess whether any particular study should be included in or excluded from the review. Furthermore, it is important to develop a protocol in advance that describes the procedures and methods to be used to evaluate published work.
3. Sampling. The aim of this third step is to identify all potentially relevant studies, including both published and unpublished research. To this end, the author must first define the sampling unit to be used in the review (e.g., individual, strategic business unit) and then develop an appropriate sampling plan.
4. Data collection. By retrieving the potentially relevant studies identified in the third step, the author can determine whether each study meets the eligibility requirements set out in the second step. For studies deemed acceptable, the data are extracted from each study and entered into standardized templates. These templates should be based on the protocols established in step 2.
5. Data analysis. The degree and nature of the analyses used to describe and examine the collected data vary widely by review. Purely descriptive analysis is useful as a starting point but rarely is sufficient on its own. The examination of trends, clusters of ideas, and multivariate relationships among constructs help flesh out a deeper understanding of the domain.
6. Reporting. Three key aspects of this final step are common across systematic reviews. First, the results from the fifth step need to be presented, clearly and compellingly, using narratives, tables, and figures. Second, core results that emerge from the review must be interpreted and discussed by the author. These revelatory insights should reflect a deeper understanding of the topic being investigated, not simply a regurgitation of well-established knowledge. Third, the author needs to describe the implications of these unique insights for both future research and managerial practice.

       References (APA 7^th)

Book Reviews

Book reviews are solicited by the editor. These will cover recently published books in the field of journal publication. The manuscript for an review article should be organized in the following sequence:

       Abstract (minimum 150 words and maximum 200 words);

       Keywords (4-6 keywords)

1. Introduction
2. Overview
3. Summary
4. Assessement
5. Conclusion

       References (APA 7^th)

Conceptual Papers

A conceptual paper reports a new conceptual framework developed by the author. It relates concepts to specific issues or research problems so as to advance and systematize knowledge. The manuscript for a conceptual paper should be organized in the following sequence with the headings chosen at the discretion of the author:

       Abstract (minimum 150 words and maximum 200 words)

       Keywords (4-6 keywords)

1. Introduction
2. Heading 1
3. Heading 2
4. Heading 3
5. Conclusion

      References (APA 7^th)

Perspectives

Perspectives present a new and unique viewpoint on existing problems, fundamental concepts, or prevalent notions on a specific topic, propose and support a new hypothesis, or discuss the implications of a newly implemented innovation. Perspective pieces may focus on current advances and future directions on a topic, and may include original data as well as personal opinion.

They are to be organized as follows:

       Abstract (minimum 150 words and maximum 200 words).

       Keywords (4-6 keywords).

The main text includes introduction, text, and conclusion, acknowledgments, references, tables, figure legends, and figures. The length of the text excluding references, tables, and figures should not exceed 3,000 words (but up to 4,000 may be accepted under certain conditions).

References (APA 7^th). The number of references is limited to 30.

Research Notes

Research notes are not full academic papers but are discussion notes, seeking to advance a new idea, theoretical perspective, research program, or methodological approach in educational studies. As opposed to full research papers, research notes may follow a less strict paper outline but still needs to make a valuable contribution to the field of education. The role of the research note is thus so much to further justify or support predominant theoretical perspectives but to serve as a form of incubator or laboratory for new thinking in the field of educational studies.

They are to be organized as follows:

       Abstract (minimum 150 words and maximum 200 words).

       Keywords (4-6 keywords).

The main text includes introduction, text, and conclusion, acknowledgments, references, tables, figure legends, and figures. The length of the text excluding references, tables, and figures should not exceed 3,000 words (but up to 4,000 may be accepted under certain conditions).

References (APA 7^th). The number of references is limited to 30.

In addition, each article can have the following sections:

Conflict of interest: Any potential conflict of interest that could influence the authors’ interpretation of the data, such as financial support from or connections to companies, political pressure from interest groups, or academically related issues, must be stated.

Acknowledgments: All persons who have made substantial contributions, but who have not met the criteria for authorship, are to be acknowledged here. All sources of funding applicable to the study should be stated here explicitly.

Appendix: If any materials are not enough to be included in the main text such as questionnaires, they can be listed in the Appendix.

Supplementary materials: If there are any supplementary materials to help the understanding of readers or too great amount data to be included in the main text, it may be placed as supplementary data. Not only text, audio or video files, but also data files should be added here.